John g



J4. G.. GARLINBT. PNEUMATIC TOOL.

Patented Jam.- 8, 1895. i

www s WITNESSISS: INVENTOR ATTORNEY mams PETERS to. Fuero-LITRO.. WASHINGTON. u. c,

Nrrn rares ATENT JOI-1N G. UARLINET, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO JAMES VOLSTENCROFT AND WILLIAM H. SOLEY.

PN EUMATIC TOOL.1

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 532,311, dated January 8v, 1895. Application filed August 16, `18,94.` Serial No. 520,462. (No model.)

ToaZZ whom it may con/cern: g

Be it known that I, JOHN G. CARLINET, a

citizen of the United States, and a resident of i Frankford, Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to devices wherein atmospheric air or other fluid pressure is used for operating a reciprocating tool employed for stone dressing, calking, riveting, dental use, rock drilling, &c., and it consists in the construction and novel arrangement of parts,

as hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure l,is

' a longitudinal section of a tool embodying my invention. Fig. 2, is a longitudinal section showing a modification thereof. Fig. 3, is a transverse section on theV line 3, 3, of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4:, is a transverse section on the line 4, 4, of Fig. 2.

. Referring by reference characters to the drawings, A, designates a shell or casing, having at one end, as herein shown, a reduced portion a, within which a tool holder A', reciprocates. A tubular nut a', surrounds the tool or tool holder and a spring a?, abutting at one end against an interior shoulder of the nut and an annular shoulder a3, on the tool or tool holder serves to retain and to return the tool or tool holder to its inner or normal position after being operated upon by the striker.

It will be seenthat the tool or tool holder has a very short movement limited by the walls of an annular chamber a, within which the shoulder a3, is arranged. The opposite end of the casing A, is provided with a cap A2, having the pressure supply duct a5, and an exhaust port 0.6.

In Fig. l, B, indicates the striker of substantially solid metal, and having a bearing in a reduced portion b, of the casing A. The end of the striker B, adjacentthe tool or tool holder, has an annular pressure bearing surface b', and from this surface a duct b2, leads through the striker and has an opening b3,

-into the chamber b4, of the casing.

i Y ranged Within and of slightly smaller diameter than the chamber b4, and engaging around the striker B. Thisjvalve has a hollow stem portion B2, communicating with the interior of the main portion of the valve. This stem portion is movable in a packing C, and it is provided With an induction port or ports c, for lreceiving air from the chamber b4, and an exhaust port or ports c', communicating with the outlet d6. The portion B2, and the closure or packing C, actas the valve proper for the admission and exhaust of the operating current. The casing A, is also provided with an exhaust port or ports c2, adjacent the end of the striker, and controlled by the movement thereof.

In the operation of the devicev Vin Fig. l, above described, the reciprocations of the striker B, and distributing valve, B', in opposite directions, are practically simultaneous. Air under constant pressure through the duct d5, enters the chamber c3, through the ports c, and acting on the upper surface of the striker drives the samewith force against the tool or tool holder, as shown in the drawings. The pressure also prevailing on the greater interior area of the valve B', reciprocates it until its exhaust ports extend beyond the bushing or valve seat C, where the prevailing bodyV of air is exhausted. When the valve B', is in its exhaust position the opening b3, of the port b2, is uncovered thereby, so that a pressure of air rushes through said portland bears against the shoulder and the bottom of the striker B, and forces it up until its lower end registers with the exhaust port c2. During this return movement of the striker, and before the exhaust port c2, has been opened, the air pressure on the external shoulder c6, of the valve B', will have moved said valve until the opening b3, is closed thereby, and the ports c, of said valve are in communication with the chamber b", preparatory to another stroke. The valve may have a yielding abutment c4, and the striker may have a yielding abutment o5.

Referring now to the example shown in Fig. 2, a striker D, is shown as tting the casing A, throughout its interior length; a bushing D', being arranged in said casing for conven- ICO ience. In this construction a duct d, for the air pressure to operate on the part b', and bottom of the striker, is formed in the shell or in the bushing D. The striker D, in this example is holloworsubstantially cup-shaped, and the enlarged portion d', of a distributing valve D2, operates therein. The striker D, in this example, serves as a closure for the inlet of the duct d, and thereby directly controls the induction as well as the eduction of iiuid at its striking end. A constant pressure at b5, at the upper end of the striker has to be overcome during its return movement in the example of Fig. 2, but this is Wholly obviated in the example ot Fig. l. In other respects the construction and Voperation are practically similar in Figs. l and 2, and in both examples there is no pressure resistance to the striking movement of the striker.

In devices of this character heretofore made, strikers have been constructed of dit'- ferential diameters, depending for their return movement on a constant pressure at the supplemental area of said striker.

Having described my invention, what I claim is l. In a pneumatic tool, the combination with a cylinder having a tool support at one end and a valve casing at the other, of a striker iitted to and guided by said cylinder, and a longitudinally movable distributing valve independent of the cylinder, tted to and guided by said striker at one end, and by said casing at the other end.

2. In a pneumatic tool,the combination with a cylinder having a tool support at one end and a valve casing at the other, of a striker fitted to and guided for a portion of its length by said cylinder, a distributing valve inde pendent of the cylinder having a cylindrical portion at one end surrounding and guided upon a remaining portion of the length of the striker; said valve guided at its other end by said casing.

3. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a casing, a movable striker within the casing, means for producing the striking movements of the striker, means for admitting Huid pressure between the striking end of the striker and the tool end of the casing, and means for exhausting pressure at said striking end, consisting in an independent exhaust port controlled by the movements of said striker.

4. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a casing, a movable striker therein, a distributing valve for controlling the induction and eduction of ilud pressure above the striker, a duct extending through the striker, also controlled by said valve for admitting iiuid pressure below the striker, and means for exhausting said iiuid below the striker.

Signed at Frankford, Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsyl- Vania, this 5th .day of July, A. D. 1894.

JOHN G. CARLINET.

Witnesses:

GEORGE L. BATTERSBY, NEWELL M. BANcRoFT. 

